Transcript
WEBVTT
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I got acquainted with Todd Brooker through LinkedIn.
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Where we follow some of the same voices and learn last fall that he spends a lot of time in Fort Collins.
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Where his daughter Libby Brecker is a goalie on the CSU soccer team.
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It took us a minute but this spring we finally got properly acquainted over lunch and followed that with a long form conversation in the loco experience studios.
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Todd is the second Texan I've had on the podcast and the second from Austin.
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Apparently the Fort Collins of that state.
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I'm hoping for Joel Rogan or Lex Friedman as my third such citizen.
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Introductions welcome.
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Colleague Lesbian Associates is a 60 plus year petroleum engineering, geology, and valuation firm that Todd has worked at for 32 years and been president of for more than 10.
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The firm has around 35 employees in two offices and is something of a boutique firm in the industry.
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Owners of oil wells all over the nation and beyond hire CGA to evaluate potential acquisitions or support creation of financial statements to comply with Sarbanes Oxley.
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I wanted to bring Todd onto the show because he knows a lot of things about a lot of things, especially as it pertains to the oil and gas industry across our nation.
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Todd is a proud dad, loving husband, and the VP and board member of the Town and Country Optimist Club in Austin.
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He's a part time Fort Collinsian now and fits right in, and when he moves up here full time in the future, I'll try to snag him for the Breakfast Rotary Club and maybe as a local facilitator.
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He'd be great.
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So please join me in enjoying my conversation with oil industry expert and my newest friend, Todd Brooker.
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Let's have some fun.
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Welcome to the Low Cove Experience podcast.
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On this show, you'll get to know business and community leaders from all around Northern Colorado and beyond.
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Our guests share their stories, business stories, life stories, stories of triumph and of tragedy, and through it all, you'll be inspired and entertained.
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These conversations are real and raw and no topics are off limits.
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So pop in a breath mint and get ready to meet our latest guest.
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Welcome back to the Loco Experience.
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I'm here today with Todd Brooker, and Todd is the president of Collie Gillespie and Associates, Associates, also known as CGA.
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Uh, what's CGA up to, Todd?
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Thanks for having me, Kurt.
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Um, well, CGA, we're doing the same thing we've been doing for 60 years.
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Uh, believe it or not, our business has been around almost 63 years coming up and I've been there for half of it, 32 years.
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Wow.
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Coming up on 32 and um, we're a bunch of petroleum engineers and geologists that value oil and gas properties.
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Yeah.
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It's pretty much what we do.
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You were saying kind of almost like an appraiser for oil wells.
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A
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lot of appraising, a lot of oil wells, um, a lot of looking at a lot of deals, you know, oil and gas transaction, whether it's divestiture or an acquisition, financing, things like that.
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Um,
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so if the.
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Value is so easily known.
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How, how do people buy and sell and trade these wells?
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It happens a lot, right?
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Or maybe that's why you get paid the big bucks is to try to figure out what it's actually worth.
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Yeah, we do have fairly high billing rates and that people do pay as well, but we do a lot of detailed work because it's not easy.
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Uh, you need to know what you're doing.
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You need to know the basin you're in.
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You need to understand oil and gas principles, um, hydrology and geology, you know, producing mechanisms.
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Right.
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So it's not really
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just a numbers game.
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It's also.
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All the extra stuff.
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Transport.
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There's a, there's a lot that goes into it.
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And, um, you got to know where to get the data.
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You got to know how to clean the data.
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You know, you got to see what it's telling you.
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You got to make sense of it and project out a forecast on, on every well that we look at.
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And, and then on the other side of producing and making revenues, you have expenses.
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All kinds of expenses goes into drilling a well or, producing a well.
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And knowing that or knowing rules of thumbs to apply to get that value right so that you're not overbidding, uh, or you want, you know, you want to be, you know, when you're the winning bidder, the problem is you pay, you're paying the highest price, right?
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Right.
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Right.
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Which
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you can always buy it if you want it, but it might not make any sense.
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Yeah, exactly.
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And we try to keep our clients out of trouble.
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We try to make, make sense of what they're going after.
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If they're trying to acquire some properties.
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And a lot of what we do is bring some sensibility to their thoughts, because sometimes they can get a little irrational or exuberant and want to buy these properties at all costs.
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But maybe they're looking at it, you know, through rose colored glasses and we know something they don't.
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And is it, uh, Already producing wells.
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That's your focus.
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Do you look at just like land that could have some wells on it and stuff to
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that's a good question.
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A lot of it is producing wells.
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There's hundreds of thousands in the United States and those are transacting all the time.
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But as you know, they're drilling all the time.
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New wells are coming into the picture and, uh, companies are out there exploring for oil and gas, developing new acreage that may not have production every day of the week.
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And so that's where that's where the It's easy to forecast something when you have a lot of data points, when you know, okay, this well has been producing for the last 20 years and here's the numbers and anybody, a child could draw a forecast through some of these wells because they're so consistent.
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But when you don't have production data, what do you do?
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And that's the, the science that comes into a lot of what we do and understanding.
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That's
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why you need the geologists
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and the different kinds of engineers and
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stuff.
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Exactly.
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It may require geology, uh, work.
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Uh, you may need to determine how big is that tank, how much oil is in that tank and water and gas, and what's it going to look like when you produce it?
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Right.
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What portion can I get out of the ground?
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Well, and with fracking, I imagine how much fracking intention is going to be needed to shake it loose.
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Yes.
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Fracking
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is remarkable for several reasons.
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I know it's, it's, it's got a little bit of a, uh, taint.
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Oh, I think it's amazing.
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Yeah, it's amazing, but, you know, unfortunately the media has a little tainted, but the reality is that fracking has, has, uh, done miraculous things for the U.
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S.
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A.
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to be
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energy independent.
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But the reason fracking was invented was mainly to unlock this rock, this shell rock that it's, it's just concrete.
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It's like super, super hard, super, uh, not, not permeable at all, not porous at all, but it contains a lot of hydrocarbons.
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And for the first half of the oil and gas business decade, for the first 50, 60 years, we ignored those zones.
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Right.
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Never drilled, never produced them.
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Uh, but.
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Uh, they, that's, that's where the oil and gas comes from.
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It might leak out of that shell zone.
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Oh, is that right?
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Usually it's there.
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It, it's, it's the kitchen.
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It, it, it produces the hydrocarbons and that leaks off into those other zones.
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So like
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even in Texas where it's been comparably easy because it's, you don't have, you could drill a lot before the fracking technology was developed.
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There's still basins of this rock that is leaching into and out of these sandier zones.
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Leaching from the shell into sandier zones and those sandier zones is where they trapped the oil previously.
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And we got them.
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It was so easy.
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We drilled right into them.
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They were somewhat porous, somewhat productive right out of the gates.
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And uh, but the shell zones were not like that.
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And so the fracking enabled.
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To blast that rock, apart.
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They basically pulverize it to allow hydrocarbon to flow.
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On top of that, when you layer in horizontal drilling where you can drill a mile or two miles, or even three miles, Is what a lot of basins are going to now where they can.
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Um, it just is a.
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unlocks an incredible amount of hydrocarbons to come from one well bore.
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Yeah.
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Whereas
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that could have been 10 to 15 well bores in the old
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days.
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Wow.
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Interesting.
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That's so much more efficiency unlocked by that.
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Yeah.
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And it's just a long pipe, right?
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That's most of the infrastructure.
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That's typically one to two miles underground and makes the turn.
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And, uh, and you can imagine if that replaces 10 wells, Think about the surface, how, how much, you know, smaller.
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So that's, you've heard about pad drilling.
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Well, that, that's why they have pads.
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They, they drill multiple wells from a pad that goes in all directions.
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Oh,
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I see.
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And it's just a very efficient spot to produce all the oil to one location with all the tanks.
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Right.
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And the trucks can come in and haul it away or the pipe, pipe can take it away.
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So.
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Let's talk about, um, your firm.
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Like how many, is it, it's, there's partners with you?
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How many employees overall?
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It's a, kind of a boutique y thing for what you do, I suppose.
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Or is there a big firms in your industry too?
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That's a good way to describe it.
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We are a boutique firm, uh, about 35 employees.
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Uh, so we're sizable.
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We can, we can take on any kind of projects and we do, uh, but, you know, some of our larger competitors, there's, there's three or four of them that are, that maybe have around a hundred employees, you know, engineers, geologists, geophysicists, just like us.
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Yeah.
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Um, we're not trying to be them.
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Uh, we, we, uh, we like where we're at.
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Uh, yeah, we could add some or take some away, but I love that size because it allows us to be responsive.
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You know, it doesn't matter to us if you're a small client or a large client, we, we pick up the phone.
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We will talk to you.
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We will work with you.
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Uh, we understand that, that our business and the way we appraise Wells, uh, there, there are some guesstimates you have to make.
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You have to make a lot of assumptions when you don't, when you don't have a camera down hole or you don't have, you're not two miles down in the earth and you can see what's going on.
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You have to infer a lot, but we understand that, that And so we work with our clients and listen to what they have to say, take in their data, and, and then we have to make that into our own.
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And in the end, we end up with a valuation that is called a Gillespie's valuation of some assets, but it might involve a lot of client input.
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And in some cases, our clients don't have any technical staff and they're just like, please help us.
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And we do most of the heavy lifting.
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There's, there's others that hand off a nice little package and say, look, we've done a lot of work here.
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I've been working on it for three months.
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You've got a week.
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Tell us what you
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think.
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Yeah.
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We, we need your.
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stamp of validation, ultimately kinda.
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And is this uh, do you face a lot of liability risk for saying this is the value?
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I mean, appraisers in real estate kind of have at least some liability risk if things go south or whatever.
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How's that?
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Well, yeah.
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I mean, you, you can face some liability risk.
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Uh, we, we don't typically face, uh, in my time, I haven't seen any, uh, private transaction and, and, and the reason is, and you do good
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work, hopefully, right?
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Well, we try
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to, and we, but we try to, we have guidelines we have to follow, either whether it's federal guidelines through the SEC, uh, or through, uh, the Society of Petroleum Engineers, uh, they also have some guidelines we follow and, and other, depending on what country you're working in, they have guidelines and we stick to that.
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And, um, and so, on top of that, we, you know, we, we So it's not
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much art.
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There's a lot more science to it than art in some ways.
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Yes.
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Yes.
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And, you know, we try to put away our biases.
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We're a third party, independent petroleum consulting firm.
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And people come to us hoping for an unbiased opinion on a value.
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And so, we try our best to hone in on that value.
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Uh, there is, there are error bars in what we do.
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Um, and, you know, you mentioned, well, liability.
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The day we go live with a new report, a valuation of a bunch of wells, it's probably wrong.
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And the reason is because we had to, we had to pick an effective date.
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Let's just say February one, we had to pick a price deck to run with for the next 50 years, which is a little ludicrous.
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If you've ever, you know, what were you doing when
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prices went from 60 down to negative briefly there during COVID nation?
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Well,
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I'll be honest, I was panicking a little bit.
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I'm sure.
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I'm like, what is going to happen to our firm after being here 60 years and it's going to go down in flames and right under my watch.
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And I'm seeing client after client go bankrupt, client after client gets smash code into a consortium of companies.
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And now we have all the consolidation in the industry.
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So, uh, that part's been troublesome.
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But.
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But back to your liability, don't really see it, uh, uh, see it, uh, as a liability and putting out our valuations because we follow standards and it is what it is.
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I mean, the prices can change tomorrow and you're wrong, right?
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And it's not your fault.
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You don't, I don't control the markets, right?
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I'm just thinking about, I was in banking, of course, uh, as we talked about.
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Talked about at lunch and the, the major banks acting badly was the major cause of the, of the financial crisis in 2008, 2009, with all the derivatives and funny money mortgages and all that.
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And the, the cure for that became regulations so stringent that the small independent banks really couldn't even survive anymore.
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And it's brought about more rapid consolidation into the rules of the, you know, the too big to fail was.
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Too big to exist, and now you guys have had the same kind of consolidation from a Outside kind of government force or the reaction to the pandemic.
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I'm sorry.
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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The reactions to the pandemic threat.
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Yeah.
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Sorry.
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Yeah.
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Well, there's a lot to unpack.
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They're the industry.
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After Enron, the Enron debacle before you're talking about back in 2001.
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Yeah,
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they enacted the Sarbanes Oxley Act, which created the Much more stringent guidelines on, um, on valuations and, and following standards.
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And so it doubled or tripled the amount of governance or due diligence you have on every transaction on every report.
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And, and we felt a
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big windfall for you.
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firm or did you grow a lot because of that or you intentionally tried to not get too big and gross?
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It wasn't a windfall for us but, but it did help.
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What it was a windfall for is the accounting firms that go through financials and, and, and they, they doubled and tripled their staff.
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They grew and law firms.
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Right.
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I mean the amount of law, law and litigation and things that came out of that, it was just You So law firms got bigger, accounting firms got bigger.
00:14:45.948 --> 00:14:52.899
We may have grown a little bit, but, but we did shrink a little bit through the last four or five years with COVID and, um, so
00:14:52.918 --> 00:14:54.048
industry shakeup kind of thing.
00:14:54.349 --> 00:14:54.489
Yeah.
00:14:54.489 --> 00:14:58.678
That's one thing, you know, not all service organizations are created equal.
00:14:59.313 --> 00:15:13.244
And, you know, while there's definitely some good accounting and law firms out there, they're generally kind of leeches on the system, you know, the companies that manufacture things or pull energy out of the ground and make it available or help companies do that kind of stuff.
00:15:13.244 --> 00:15:20.754
It's a lot less yucky, but the, the law and the accounting and some other things are just kind of a drag.
00:15:21.754 --> 00:15:22.864
that actually is productive.
00:15:24.163 --> 00:15:27.813
Yeah, I'm involved in a lot of transactions that are publicly traded companies.
00:15:27.913 --> 00:15:41.394
And, uh, and so you, you typically on, on those kinds of transactions, you might have five to 10 different banks that are involved and then five different law firms that are involved and five different, uh, uh, financial accounting firms involved and then maybe environmental.
00:15:42.073 --> 00:15:47.923
And some of the calls we get on when you, when you hear everybody hang up, Uh, hundreds sometimes and you just think about the math.
00:15:47.933 --> 00:15:49.624
Everybody on that call is getting paid.
00:15:49.663 --> 00:15:50.864
Yeah, like 200 bucks an hour or more.
00:15:50.913 --> 00:15:51.144
Yeah,
00:15:51.264 --> 00:15:54.203
well some of them, some of them are getting transaction fees that are coming later.
00:15:54.203 --> 00:15:58.163
But yeah, you think about the attorneys or my firm, we're owned by the hour.
00:15:58.803 --> 00:16:01.043
I mean that cash register is But you're right.
00:16:01.053 --> 00:16:03.519
That is a lot of fees that have to get paid, but you know.
00:16:03.739 --> 00:16:18.259
The reason it happens is because the system works and it's very complex because Sarbanes Oxley and all the new laws and now all the new federal regulations we're facing, that requires an incredible amount of due diligence that you didn't have to do before.
00:16:18.259 --> 00:16:20.328
So, you know, I didn't
00:16:20.328 --> 00:16:28.563
really realize the extent to which other industries had a significant rate regulation increase because of that.